METHODES OF IUI IN INFERTILITY Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a common fertility treatment that involves placing sperm directly into a woman’s uterus to increase the chances of fertilization. The method can vary slightly based on the specific needs and circumstances of the couple or individual. Here are the key methods and approaches used in IUI: 1. Natural Cycle IUI Description: IUI is performed during the woman’s natural menstrual cycle without any hormonal stimulation. The timing is based on tracking ovulation through methods like basal body temperature charting or ovulation predictor kits. Ideal For: Women with regular menstrual cycles and no major fertility issues. 2. Stimulated Cycle IUI Description: Hormonal medications, such as Clomid (clomiphene citrate) or gonadotropins, are used to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. Monitoring via ultrasound and blood tests helps to determine the optimal time for insemination. Ideal For: Women with irregular cycles, ovulation disorders, or unexplained infertility. 3. Ovarian Stimulation with Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation (COH) Description: This involves using more aggressive medication protocols to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple follicles. This approach often includes the use of injectable hormones and close monitoring. Ideal For: Cases where a higher egg yield is desirable or necessary, such as in cases of severe male factor infertility. 4. IUI with Donor Sperm Description: Sperm from a donor is used instead of the partner’s sperm. The sperm is typically processed and prepared to increase the chances of successful insemination. Ideal For: Couples where the male partner has severe sperm issues or single women and same-sex couples seeking to conceive. 5. IUI with Pre-implantation Genetic Testing (PGT) Description: Though not directly an IUI technique, combining IUI with PGT involves genetic screening of embryos created via IVF (in vitro fertilization) if IUI has been unsuccessful or if there are specific genetic concerns. Ideal For: Couples with known genetic disorders or recurrent pregnancy loss. 6. IUI with Pre-Treatment Procedures Description: In some cases, pre-treatment like cervical mucus treatment or uterine cavity evaluation (hysteroscopy) is done to ensure the best environment for the sperm. Ideal For: Individuals with specific anatomical or hormonal issues affecting fertility. Process Overview: Preparation: The woman’s cycle is monitored, and sperm is prepared in a laboratory. Insemination: A thin catheter is used to insert the prepared sperm directly into the uterus, typically done around ovulation. Post-Insemination: The woman may be advised to rest for a short period, though this is not always necessary. Success Rates and Considerations: Success Rates: Vary depending on factors like age, underlying infertility issues, and the specifics of the IUI method used. On average, the success rate for IUI ranges from 10% to 20% per cycle. Risks: Risks include multiple pregnancies (when ovarian stimulation is used), infection, and slight discomfort during the procedure. IUI is often used as a first-line treatment for infertility and can be a less invasive and less costly option compared to other assisted reproductive technologies.